In addition to the Fiqh, Ghazali studied all the Islamic schools of thought, debate, logic, and philosophy and excelled at all. At Nishapur he became a student of one of the leading scholars of the age Abu Al-M’ali Al-Juwaini better known as Imam of the Haramain. And from there, in 470 H, to the city of Nishapur, once the most important centres of learning and culture in the Abbasid Empire until it was destroyed by an earthquake in 540 H.
He then moved to Gorgon now the capital of the Iranian province of Golestan. The education of the young Abu Hamid started in Tous. In the event it is this latter pronunciation that prevailed. Another view holds that he was born in a village called Ghazala (with a single z) and so was also known as “Gazali”. It is thought this is why Abu Hamid was called “Gazzali”. His father was a spinner of wool (ghazzal in Arabic) who earned his living by selling his fabric in the local yarn market. Mohammad ibn Ahmed Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali was born in 450 H (1058 AD) in the town of Tous in Khorasan in what is now the North Eastern part of Iran. Which, if any, of these views is supported by what has come down to us of his scholarship more than a thousand years after he was laid to rest? But before we seek to answer this question it is useful to learn something about the man and his life. And then there are those who hold him exclusively responsible for suppressing scientific thought among Muslims that led eventually to their backwardness and domination by the resurgent and progressive West.
There are those who label him as a saviour and reformer, who at a time of crisis in the Islamic world, rejuvenated the religion. Imam Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali, who was born in the middle of the fifth century of the Islamic calendar, is the subject of much controversy.
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